THESE TIMELINES WERE BEGUN FOR MY OWN PERSONAL USE. THESE TIMELINES SHOULD NOT BE USED AS RESOURCES FOR ANY KIND OF RESEARCH PAPER. THESE TIMELINES SHOULD ONLY BE USED AS AN AID TO GIVE A "JUMPING OFF POINT." THESE TIMELINES ARE NOT PEER-REVIEWED; THEREFORE, THEY ARE SUBJECT TO ANY NUMBER OF UNINTENTIONAL AUTHORIAL TYPING ERRORS AND/OR MISUNDERSTANDINGS. REMEMBER, INTERNET SOURCES (WITH FEW EXCEPTIONS) CANNOT BE RELIED UPON AS DEFINITIVE SOURCES!!
Because I did these timelines initially only for my own personal use, I have paraphrased and quoted without citing as one should for a research paper; therefore, anyone using these timelines should consult the sources listed on the Historical Timelines Page.
DO NOT QUOTE FROM THESE TIMELINES!! ALWAYS DOUBLE-CHECK MY WORK!!!!
Spanish/Portuguese Peoples:
Crusades (1095-1291)
Inquisition--1233 until 1800s (mostly in Southern France, Northern Italy, Papal States, and Germany)
Great Schism (1378-1417)-Division in Roman Catholic Church (Two then three popes claimed to be legitimate)
Henry the Navigator (Prince of Portugal) (1394-1460) Directed Voyages to African Coast-Did not travel himself
Ferdinand II (Ferdinand of Aragon) (1452-1516) and Isabella I (Isabella of Castile) (1451-1504)
Ferdinand was King of Sicily (1468-1516), Ferdinand V of Castile (co-ruled with Isabella) (1474-1504), Ferdinand II of Aragon (1479-1516), and Ferdinand III of Naples (1504-1516)
Isabella was Queen of Castile (1474-1504)
Spanish Inquisition 1478-1820
St. Ignatius of Loyola (1491-1556) Spanish Religious Scholar/Founder of Society of Jesus-Jesuits
Charles V (1500-1558), Holy Roman Emperor (1519-1556), King of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556)
Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616) Spanish novelist
Philip II (1527-1598), King of Spain (1556-1598)-was married four times, one of which was to Mary I of England
War of Spanish Succession (1701-1714)
Struggle for the Spanish throne. War pits France, Spain, Portugal, Bavaria, and Savoy vs. England, Holland, and most of the German states.
War of Austrian Succession (1740-1748)
Austria vs. France, Prussia under Frederick II (Frederick the Great), and Spain. Due to Austrian Maria Theresa's succession to the Hapsburg dominions.
French supported Spanish claim to part of Hapsburg domains.
1st Silesian War (1742)
Frederick the Great occupies Silesia in 1742 (taking it from Austria).
2nd Silesian War (1744-1745)
French and Prussians defeat Austrians
1779-Spain joins American Revolution vs. England.
Napoleonic Wars (Most of Europe vs. France) (1799-1815)
Hidalgo's Rebellion (Mexico) (September 16, 1810-1811)
Father Miguel Hidalgo led a group of mestizos and Native Americans, wanting equality, in a revolt against Spain.
Spanish Revolution (1820)
Revolutions of 1848 (Revolutions overtook most of Europe excepting England and Russia)
George Santayana (1863-1952) Spanish/American poet
Ten Years' War (1868-1878)
Cuban war against Spanish rule
Spanish-American War (1898)
Spain vs. U.S. in Philippines and Cuba.
Federico Garcia Lorca (1898-1936) Spanish Poet/Dramatist
World War I (1914-1918)
Franco-Prussian War almost makes this inevitable. Begins with the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by Serbian nationalist in Sarajevo.
Central Powers: Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and OttomanEmpire/Turks vs. Allies: Great Britain, Russia, Italy, France, Belgium, Serbia, Montenegro, and Japan; U.S. enters in 1917.
Spanish Civil War (1936-1939)
World War II (1939-1945)
Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Croatia, Finland, Spain, Denmark, Manchukao, and Nanking vs. Allied Powers: England (except Ireland), France, Russia, Netherlands, and United States.
General Francisco Franco (1892-1975), Spanish dictator (1947-1975)
Spain remained neutral during WWII. 1947-Spain is a monarchy with dictatorial powers for Franco, Juan Carlos is named as successor (1969). Franco resigned as premier in 1973 but retained titles of caudillo and generalissimo until his death.